Showing posts with label Population. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Population. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 9, 2025

Website Wednesday - London Lives

London Lives makes available, in a fully digitised and searchable form, a wide range of primary sources about eighteenth-century London, with a particular focus on plebeian Londoners. This resource includes over 240,000 manuscript and printed pages from eight London archives and is supplemented by fifteen datasets created by other projects. It provides access to historical records containing over 3.35 million name instances. Facilities are provided to allow users to link together records relating to the same individual, and to compile biographies of the best documented individuals.  

The lives of plebeian Londoners most often intersected with institutional records when they were caught up in the criminal justice system, or sought poor relief or medical treatment.  The choice of sources was designed to capture this pattern of interaction, but London Lives also seeks to include comprehensive archival collections. 

Criminal justice

  • Old Bailey Proceedings, the largest printed source detailing the lives of non-elite people ever produced. 
  • Ordinary's Accounts (OA): biographies of executed criminals written by the chaplain of Newgate Prison.
  • Sessions Papers (PS): manuscript documents which provide additional evidence about the crimes tried at the Old Bailey and other courts, as well as documents concerning poor relief.
  • Criminal Registers (CR): lists of prisoners held in Newgate Prison.
  • Coroners's Inquests (IC): documents relating to deaths thought to be suspicious, but which did not result in a formal prosecution.

Poor Relief

Official responsibility for poor relief lay with London's parishes, of which there were more than one hundred, many of which have left very rich archives. The records of three parishes have been comprehensively digitised for this project:

  • St Botolph Aldgate (straddling the eastern boundary between the City of London and Middlesex)
  • St Clement Danes (Westminster)
  • St Dionis Backchurch (City of London)

These parishes were chosen for the quality of their records, and the extent to which they exemplify different parts of London. Each of the selected parishes had a distinctive social and occupational composition. These records are supplemented with externally created datasets of settlement and workhouse records from two further parishes:

  • St Martin in the Fields (Westminster)
  • St Luke Chelsea (just to the west of the built up area of London)

Charity for the poor 

Charity also came from the guilds and associational charities.  The database includes the records of one London guild, the Carpenters' Company. This was one of the less prestigious companies and included a number of plebeian members. It also distributed considerable charitable funds to its members.  Also included are partial transcriptions of the registers of the Marine Society, a charity which provided training at sea for poor boys.

Medical care 

Medical care for the poor was provided in parochial workhouses, reflected in the parish records, and hospitals.  The database includes the records of one of the royal hospitals, St Thomas's Hospital, including its detailed admissions and discharge registers.

Sunday, September 29, 2024

Populations Past

Populations Past allows users to create and view maps of different demographic measures and related socio-economic indicators every 10 years between 1851 and 1911. These include fertility, childhood mortality, marriage, migration status, household compositions, age-structure, occupational status and population density. Brief explanations of each measure are included, indicating how they are calculated and explaining how they relate to other measures. 

Users can zoom in to a particular area on the map to compare side by side maps of different times or measures. When large areas are viewed the data for England and Wales are displayed in Registration Districts (RDs), but the display changes to Registration Sub-Districts (RSDs) when the users zoom in. Scottish data are only available at RD level, although the team have created smaller subdivisions for the larger cities. The data for the smallest geographical units underlying the maps can be downloaded using an 'export' button.

The website covers England, Wales and Scotland.